Occlusal Adjustments

Occlusal adjustment is a dental procedure that addresses bite discrepancies by reshaping or adjusting the biting surfaces of the teeth to achieve a more optimal alignment and function. This treatment is essential to preventing wear and tear, tooth discomfort, and TMJ issues. Occlusal adjustments play a vital role in the function and longevity of dental structures by refining contact points between teeth.

Occlusal adjustment is performed to achieve even occlusal forces while chewing. Any misalignment of teeth can cause pressure exerted unevenly, making it uncomfortable, as well as excessive wear and even crack. These issues are alleviated with adjustments by:

• reducing muscle strain,
• reducing wear on dental restorations,
• preventing progression of TMJ disorders.

The treatment realigns the bite, which positively influences overall oral well-being.

Occlusal adjustments are generally recommended for patients suffering from:

• Chronic jaw pain or headaches.
• Uneven tooth wear or chipping.
• Difficulty chewing or pain when biting.
• Signs of TMJ dysfunction.

This may also be a useful treatment for patients who have restorative dental work such as crowns, bridges, or implants.

There are several approaches to occlusal adjustments depending on the need of the patient:

• Selective Grinding: A process that involves the slight reshaping of teeth to eliminate high areas and correct contact.
• Recontouring: More extensive reshaping may be performed when significant discrepancies exist in the occlusal surface.
• Restorative Adjustments: This is usually done in combination with crowns or bridges to make sure that the new restorations fit in with the existing teeth.

These are chosen according to the severity of malocclusion and the overall treatment plan created by the dental professional.

Occlusal adjustments involves the following general steps:

• Examination and Diagnosis: Misalignments are diagnosed after a complete dental examination supplemented with X-rays and bite analysis.
• Mark the High Spots: Application of special indicators or articulating paper on the areas with excessive contact areas.
• Selective Grinding: The dentist employs dental burs to gradually remove minute portions of enamel, leveling the occlusal surfaces.
• Reevaluation: A reevaluation process is done in which the bite of the patient is adjusted and balanced if needed.

Compared to other dental interventions, occlusal adjustments are relatively low- and minimally invasive and primarily focus on preserving natural tooth structure. They offer the advantage of:

1. Precision: Specific high-contact areas are addressed without modifying the tooth structure extensively.
2. Cost Effectiveness: This treatment can help avoid more expensive restoration later.
3. Quick Solution: Patients often experience immediate relief from discomfort, so it is a practical choice for overcoming a bite concern.

• Improved Comfort: Alleviates fatigue and jaw pain resulting from unequal biting forces.
• Better Function: Assists in returning to a natural, functional chewing pattern.
• Preventive Care: Reduces the chances of other dental issues, such as TMJ disorders and severe tooth wear.
• Long-Lasting Results for Dental Procedures: By evenly distributing occlusal forces in a bite, it ensures that crowns, bridges, and implants last longer.

Occlusal adjustments can deliver result for a long time when done correctly. But the longevity of the treatment is based on:

• Individual Bite Dynamics: Due to changes in dental alignment as we move through life or general wear and tear, individual considerations may need to be re-evaluated periodically.
• Maintenance: After treatment if not well maintained through regular dental check-ups and correct oral hygiene, treatment results can easily diminish.

Occlusal adjustments take different amounts of time depending on the complexity of the case:

• Minor Adjustments: These usually take about one trip to the dentist that lasts about 30 to 60 minutes.
• Complex Reshaping: More complex cases can necessitate several sessions over weeks.

The process is quite quick and patients can usually return to their normal routines in a matter of days.

Some factors that affect the cost of occlusal adjustment are:

• Complexity of the Case: More complicated procedures may cost more.
• Geographical Location: Depending on metropolitan cities or small towns the treatment can be expensive or moderately priced.
• Reputation of the Clinic: Specialized dental clinics can often demand a higher price due to the level of expertise.

The price can vary from INR 2,000- INR10,000, on an average for each session, and additional feed may be charged for follow ups.

As with any dental procedure, occlusal adjustments carry some risks:

• Sensitivity: Some patients may have temporary sensitivity after the procedure.
• Over-Adjustment: Too much tooth structure removed can lead to additional problems like greater risk of decay.
• Partial Fix: You may not fully correct all of the existing occlusal problems and will need to proceed further with treatments.

But if done by experienced professionals, these risks are kept to a minimum.

Occlusal adjustment is very helpful, but have some limitations:

• It's not a Permanent Solution: Over time, dental alignment may shift and require further adjustments.
• Limited Scope: This type of treatment can also be painful and may not be feasible in all situations.
• Discomfort: Some patients may experience mild discomfort during the procedure, but can be alleviated with sedation and local anesthetic.

For patients looking for other options, there are a few alternatives:

• Orthodontics: When the teeth aren’t in the right position and need to be moved, braces or clear aligners can be used to straighten the teeth over time.
• Dental Restorations: Crowns, bridges, or veneers may need to be done to adjust the occlusion, especially when managing cosmetic alongside functional problems.
• Physical Therapy: When there is a TMJ disorder present, a combination of physical therapy and occlusal splints may offer relief without altering the teeth.

Each of these alternatives has its indications, and a dentist can help you decide the best way to go.

Proper aftercare is important for keeping the benefits of your adjustment:

• Follow up Visits: Periodic visits help maintain balance of occlusion over time.
• Good Oral hygiene: Proper oral hygiene is required to avoid any complications and can help in maintaining good dental health for a longer time.
• Dietary Modifications: It is advisable to steer clear of hard or sticky foods soon after the procedure to avoid putting unnecessary stress on the teeth.
• Monitoring Symptoms: If patients experience persistent discomfort or bite alteration after a dental procedure, they should promptly notify their dentist.